The Native Australian Raven and the Little Raven are widespread throughout Victoria and are present in all farming areas. The closely related Little Crow is uncommon in Victoria and is only found in the north west corner of the State. The Forest Raven is found mainly in coastal areas. All of the ravens and the Little Crow are protected wildlife. While there are undoubtedly instances where ravens do cause substantial losses of livestock, this is the exception, rather than the rule. Detailed studies of lamb predation in Australia have shown that neither disease nor predation is responsible for most of the ten million or so deaths of newborn lambs that occur in Australia each year: most lambs die because they are starving, after the suckling relationship between mother and offspring has been broken or failed to establish. Since starvation of lambs in Australia is usually irreversible, for economic reasons, it is academic whether a predator hastens the inevitable death of such lambs. However, such starvation can be avoided. Correct nutrition of the ewe during pregnancy and the provision of adequate shelter and supervision near lambing time will reduce the number of lambs vulnerable to predation. To achieve these changes, it is necessary to accept that losses due to predation are not as large as they appear to be. The autopsy of dead lambs, the recognition of the wounds found, and the assessment of lamb viability provide logical and convincing evidence.